San Rocco a Pilli is a fraction of the municipality of Sovicille, not far from the city of Siena, surrounded by the countryside of the Val di Merse. The inhabited center has its roots in the Etruscan age, but the first evidence of local communities dates back to the Middle Ages, when the presence of three nuclei rose around the parishes of Santa Maria a Pilli, San Lorenzo a Pilli and San Salvatore a Pilli.
The place where the village developed was originally called Canonica a Pilli; the current name is probably due to the Confraternity of San Rocco, born in the second half of the 16th century and dissolved a little more than two centuries later at the behest of Leopold I, Grand Duke of Tuscany.